An auspicious event is planned for Earth Day 2010. President Evo Morales has called for the First Peoples’ World Conference on Climate Change and Mother Earth’s Rights to be held in the Bolivian city of Cochabamba. The event is planned to close on Earth Day – April 22 with a Declaration of Rights of Mother Earth.
A delegation from Nevada County is hosting a benefit on Saturday, March 13th in order to raise funds to attend the conference. You can get more information about helping this delegation at www.arewelistening.net.
This historic conference is a grass roots response to the a call for broader international commitments to addressing climate change issues. The call for a Declaration of Rights of Mother Earth is following the precedent set by Bolivia’s neighbor to the northwest. In 2008 Ecuador rewrote its constitution to include a Bill of Rights of Nature.
The Ecuadorian Constitution now includes:
Chapter: Rights for Nature
Art. 1. Nature or Pachamama, where life is reproduced and exists, has the right to exist, persist, maintain and regenerate its vital cycles, structure, functions and its processes in evolution.
Every person, people, community or nationality, will be able to demand the recognitions of rights for nature before the public organisms. The application and interpretation of these rights will follow the related principles established in the Constitution.
Art. 2. Nature has the right to an integral restoration. This integral restoration is independent of the obligation on natural and juridical persons or the State to indemnify the people and the collectives that depend on the natural systems.
In the cases of severe or permanent environmental impact, including the ones caused by the exploitation on non renewable natural resources, the State will establish the most efficient mechanisms for the restoration, and will adopt the adequate measures to eliminate or mitigate the harmful environmental consequences.
Art. 3. The State will motivate natural and juridical persons as well as collectives to protect nature; it will promote respect towards all the elements that form an ecosystem.
Art. 4. The State will apply precaution and restriction measures in all the activities that can lead to the extinction of species, the destruction of the ecosystems or the permanent alteration of the natural cycles.
The introduction of organisms and organic and inorganic material that can alter in a definitive way the national genetic patrimony is prohibited.
Art. 5. The persons, people, communities and nationalities will have the right to benefit from the environment and form natural wealth that will allow wellbeing.
The environmental services are cannot be appropriated; its production, provision, use and exploitation, will be regulated by the State.
“Public organisms” in Article 1 means the courts and government agencies, i.e., the people of Ecuador would be able to take action to enforce nature rights if the government did not do so.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change includes a proposal for a Declaration of Rights of Mother Earth states “The 20thcentury has been the century of the human rights. First, with the approval of the civil and political rights in 1948, and second, with the approval of the economical, social and cultural rights in 1966. Now, the 21th century has to become the century of the Rights of Mother Earth and all natural beings.” For more information visit www.runwiththejaguar.com.
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The following is an excerpt from the FAQ page of Askinosie Chocolate’s website. Shawn Askinosie, the founder, has traveled extensively in cacao-growing regions and he has a direct relationship with the farmers he purchases cacao from. I really appreciate his “first-hand” explanation of “direct trade”, and the sharing of his experiences importing cacao into the U.S. (Shawn is the tall one in the back of the photo.)
I shop fair trade as much as possible. How do you pay your farmers and how do they share in the profits?
I love the Fair Trade idea. I believe that we have to be vigilant that Fair Trade does not become a marketing gimmick or reduced to a bumper sticker. We must ask the questions and dig deeper to find out how the company treats those that supply them raw materials AND how they treat their own employees. Fair Trade has been scrutinized because some question if the money ever finds its way to the farmer in the field and not coop bureaucrats. My chocolate is not “certified” Fair Trade mainly because the farmers I deal with cannot afford the certification and they are very loosely organized. They are very poor. I go way beyond Fair Trade and here is how I do it:
- I deal DIRECT with the farmers 100%. I have a rule that I will not buy beans from farmers I have not met - in person. This is hard because I travel a lot and while it is fun it’s not always easy. The travel is not the hard part; it is the complicated nature of importing that I do myself. I have a local company that handles shipping and customs clearing, but other than that it is all me. I am the only chocolate factory in the US (that I am aware of) that sources 100% of their beans direct. There may be one other person who does this, but I cannot verify this and he is a much smaller company. When I go to these origins I see the farms and determine myself the issues that a Fair Trade certifier would look at. The main thing is that I am building relationships with the farmers and their families. This is hard and takes time, but it is worth it.
- I pay far above the Fair Trade market price (which is set above the world market price) for beans.
- I have implemented a program called Stake in the OutcomeTM (a profit sharing program for the farmers) which is described on our website at “The Farmers”. This guarantees to the farmers open books. This is not a negotiation tactic to get them to lower the price on the beans; it is in ADDITION to what I pay them for the beans. I know the name of every farmer who contributed to the crop in both locations. This is something that I doubt any other chocolate maker in the world can say. You can’t share with someone if you don’t know their name. I distributed my first profits in Ecuador in December 2007 and in Mexico in January 2008. These were, by far, my best days yet in the chocolate business! They said that nobody had ever come back to thank them, let alone share money with them and show the books.
- Why is Stake in the Outcome important? This directly affects the quality of the cocoa beans I buy. It affects quality in a way that Fair Trade never will. One day farmers will give me higher quality beans to my specifications when they see that they will make more money if I make more money. They will literally share in my success. I have a very detailed specification now for the beans I buy, but I know that what I buy will be even higher quality than what I have now. I have done this with my law practice for nearly a decade. My secretaries, for example, knew the details of our income statement and made more money when I did. Why should companies in the US buy raw materials, jack up the price, and not share the profits with those who they source from? My prayer is that one day a small company from another industry will ask me how to implement this model. If I can inspire even one other company to adopt Stake In the Outcome, then I will have been a success in this business. I have had the “career” and it is not about that now. If I was doing this business to get rich I would have stayed in my law practice. This program will not change the world but it might change the life of a farmer or two or three.